Meta-Analysis: Factors Related with Obesity in Adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.06Abstract
Background: Obesity is excess body weight above the normal BMI limit. This can be experienced by anyone, starting from children, productive teenagers who do not maintain a healthy lifestyle, which can cause premature death. There are various factors that cause obesity from several research findings. This study aims to analyze and estimate factors that influence the risk of obesity in adole-scents.
Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis with PRISMA and PICO diagrams. Population= teenagers. Intervention= strong physical activity, high income, female gender, strong consumption of fruit, and high maternal education. Comparison= weak physical activity, low income, male gender, weak consumption of fruit, and low maternal education. Result= obesity. The search for this article came from databases namely PudMed and Science Direct. The article keywords used are "physical activity" AND "Income" AND "fruit consumption" AND "mater-nal education" AND "obesity" AND "young factor". The articles included in this research are full paper articles, cross-sectional study design, publication year range 2013-2023, and the magnitude of the Adjusted Odds Ratio relationship. Articles were filtered using the PRISMA flow diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.
Results: There are 10 articles with cross-sectional studies that show the risk of obesity is signifi-cantly influenced by high income by 2.04 times (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=0.97 to 4.30; p= 0.060), female gender by 2.28 times (aOR= 2.28; 95% CI= 1.64 to 3.17; p<0.001), strong fruit consumption was 2.11 times (aOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.30 to 3.44; p= 0.003), and high maternal education was 1.64 times (aOR=1.64; 95% CI= 1.10 to 2.45; p= 0.020) and the influence of weak physical activity which is 0.59 times the risk of obesity with statistically significant results (aOR= 0.59; 95% CI= 0.41 to 0.83; p=0.003).
Conclusion: Risk factors that influence obesity in adolescents include high income, female gender, fruit consumption, high maternal education, and weak activity.
Keywords: Obesity, risk factors, health problems, teenagers.
References
Adeomi AA, Fatusi A, Klipstein-Grobusch K (2022). Individual and contextual factors associated with under and over nutrition among school-aged children and adolescents in two Nigerian states: a multi-level analysis. Public Health Nutr. 25(8), 2339–2351. doi: 10.1017/S1368980022000258.
Al-Saadi A, Al-Yahiaee L, Ahmed E, Al-Manee R, Al Saadi L, Mohamed N, Al-Maqbali M (2023). Obesity and life-style behaviours among in-school children in Oman. East Mediterr health. 29(9), 716–724. doi: 10.26719/emhj.23.095.
Baniissa W, Radwan H, Rossiter R, Fakhry R, Al-Yateem N, Al-Shujairi A, Hasan S, et al. (2020). Prevalence and determinants of overweight/obesity among school-aged adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: A cross-sectional study of private and public schools. BMJ Open. 10(12), 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmj-open-2020-038667.
Carbone S, Giuseppe M, Buono D, Ozemek C, Lavie CJ (2019). Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical activity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 62(4), 327–333. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004.
Conklin AI, Forouhi NG, Surtees P, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Monsivais P (2019). Social relationships and healthful dietary behaviour: Evidence from over -50s in the EPIC cohort, UK. Soc Sci Med. 222: 335-345.
Gibson-Smith D, Bot M, Snijder MB, Nicolaou M, Derks EM, Stronks K, Penninx BW (2020). The relation between obesity and depressed mood in a multi-ethnic population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 55(4): 461-470.
Hossain MS, Raheem E, Okely AD (2023). 24-hour movement guidelines and weight status among preschool-aged children in Bangladesh: A community-level cross-sectional study. Brain Behav. 13(7): 1–9. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3094.
Hunegnaw WA, Ferede AG, Tekalign T, Asres AW (2022). Obesity and associated factors among high school adolescent students in Bahir Dar town, North West Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med. 10. doi: 10.1177/20503121221146729.
Jallow-Badjan H, Tunkara-Bah H, Bass P, Senghore T (2020). Prevalence and Factors Associated with Thinness and Overweight/Obesity Among Secondary School Adolescents. A Cross-sectional Study. Cent. Afr J. Public Health. 6(3): 164–172. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20200603.18.
Moges T, Gebremichael B, Shiferaw, S, Yirgu R (2018). Is inadequate play area in schools associated with overweight among students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia? A comparative cross-sectional study. Epidemiol Health. 40: 1–8. doi: 10.4178/EPIH.E2018017.
Panuganti KK, Nguyen M, Kshirsagar RK (2023). Pathophysiology. NCBI Bookshelf.
Piryani S, Baral KP, Pradhan B, Poudyal AK, Piryani RM (2016). Overweight and its associated risk factors among urban school adolescents in Nepal: A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 6(5): 1–6. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010335.
Kinansi RR, Shaluhiyah Z, Kartasurya MI, Sutiningsih D, Adi MS, Widjajanti W (2023). Analysis of factors correlated with the incidence of obesity in women of productive age. IJGHR. 5(2).
Shegaze M (2015). Magnitude and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among High School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Food Sci. Nutr, 3(5): 166. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20150305.11.
Teshome T, Singh P, Moges D (2013). Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among high school adolescents in urban communities of hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci. 1(1): 23–36. doi: 10.12944/CRNFSJ.1.1.03.
Downloads
Published
2024-01-16
Issue
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Section
Articles
1.jpg)
