Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Sleep Duration, Exercise, and Family Income on Obesity in Children

Authors

  • Hanifah Hanifah Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Arddha Maha Pawitra Dwi Puspita Dewi Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Arinda Mukti Yuhanani Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Jemmi Sastrawijayah Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Bhisma Murti Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Siti Mar’atul Munawaroh School of Health Sciences, Mamba’ul ‘Ulum, Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2023.08.03.06

Abstract

Background: Obesity is still one of the problems in Indonesia. The obesity problem has grown into an epidemic, with more than 4 million people dying each year. Factors causing obesity such as lifestyle, lack of physical activity, poor diet habits, low family income, sleep duration, and others. This study aims to estimate the effect of sleep duration, exercise, and family income on obesity in children.


Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using PRISMA guidelines and the PICO model. Population= children of 2-18 years. Intervention= short sleep duration, exercise, and high family income. Comparison= long sleep duration, no exercise, and low family income. Outcome= Obesity. Articles were collected from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and ResearchGate. The literature search used the keywords “family income" AND “exercise” AND "sleep duration" AND “obesity” AND “children” AND "cross-sectional". A total of 19 articles met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, and subsequently were assessed using RevMan 5.4.


Results: A meta-analysis of studies from Japan, Korea, Ethiopia, China, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, and Ghana showed that children with short sleep duration (aOR= 1.83; CI 95%= 1.22 to 2.73; p= o.003), children with high family income (aOR= 1.18; CI 95%= 1.03 to 1.36; p= 0.020) could increase the incidence of obesity, and those results were statistically significant. Exercise can reduce the incidence of obesity in children, but this risk of reduction was not statistically significant (aOR= 0.80; CI 95%= 0.59 to 1.09; p= 0.15o).

Conclusion: Short sleep duration and high family income increase the incidence of obesity in children, and these results are statistically significant. Exercise decreases the incidence of obesity in children, but the risk of decline is not statistically significant.

Keywords: family income, exercise, sleep duration, obesity, children

Correspondence: Hanifah. Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: hanifah1611@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281226829788.

References

Al-Hazzaa HM, Alrasheedi AA, Alsulaimani RA, Jabri L, Alhowikan AM, Alhussain MH, Bawaked RA, et al. (2022). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 13. doi: 10.3389/ fendo.2022.954755.

Aryeetey R, Lartey A, Marquis GS, Nti H, Colecraft E, Brown P (2017). Prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among school-aged children in urban Ghana. BMC Obesity. 4(1): 1–8. doi: 10.1186/s40608-017-01740.

Beyen TK, Gebregergs GB, Yesuf ME (2013). Overweight and obesity, and associated factors among high school students in Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia. J obes weight loss ther. 03(02): 1–6. doi: 10. 4172/21657904.1000165.

Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Trem-blay A, Tremblay A (2007). Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin levels and increased adiposity: Results from the Quebec family study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 15(1): 253–261. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.512.

Chen J, Luo S, Liang X, Luo Y, Li R (2021). The relationship between socioeconomic status and childhood overweight/ obesity is linked through paternal obesity and dietary intake: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. Environ. Health Prev Med. 26(1): 1–14. doi: 10.1186/s12199-021-00973-x.

Chen H, Wang LJ, Xin, F, Liang G, Chen Y (2022). Associations between sleep duration, sleep quality, and weight status in Chinese children and adolescents. BMC Public Health. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/ s12889-022-13534-w.

Damayanti RE, Sumarni S, Mundiastuti L (2019). Hubungan durasi tidur dengan kejadian overweight dan obesitas pada tenaga kependidikan di lingkungan Kampus C Universitas Airlangga. Amerta Nutrition. 3(2): 89-93. doi: 10.20473/amnt.v3i2.2019.8993.

Daza EJ, Wac K, Oppezzo M (2019). Effects of sleep deprivation on blood glucose, food cravings, and affect in a non-diabetic: an n-of-1 randomized pilot study. Healthcare. 8(1). doi: 10.3390/healthcare8010006.

Dereje D, Yirgu R, Chichiabellu TY (2018). Magnitude of overweight/ obesity and associated factors among high school adolescents’ in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. J nutr disord ther. 8(2): 1-10. doi: 10.4172/2161-0509.1000231.

Desalew Mandesh A, Semahegn A (2017). Childhood overweight, obesity and associated factors among primary school children in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia; a cross-sectional study. BMC Obesity. 4(1): 1-10. doi: 10.1186/s40608-017-0156-2.

DiPietro L, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle SJH, Borodulin K, Bull FC, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. (2020). Advancing the global physical activity agenda: recommendations for future research by the 2020 WHO physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines development group. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 17(1): 143. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-01042-2 .

Kabbaoui ME, Chda A, Bousfiha A, Aarab L, Bencheik R, Tazi A (2018). Prevalence of and risk factors for overweight and obesity among adolescents in Morocco. East. Mediterr. Health J. 24(6): 512–521. doi: 10.26719/2018.24.6.512.

Fan J, Ding C, Gong W, Yuan F, Zhang Y, Feng G, Song C et al. (2020). Association of sleep duration and overweight/ obesity among children in China. Int J Environ Res. Public Health. 17(6). doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061962.

Ganle JK, Boakye PP, Baatiema L (2019). Childhood obesity in urban Ghana: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey of in school children aged 5-16 years. BMC Public Health, 19(1): 1–12. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7898-3.

Gustantia S (2018). Incidence of obesity in adolescents in SMAN 9 Padang 2018. Universitas Andalas.

Hidayati SN, Rudi I, Boerhan H (2006). Obesitas Pada Anak. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga.

Ibrahim BI (2018). The relationship of physical activity with the incidence of obesity in adolescents in SMAN 1 Gamping Sleman Yogyakarta. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.

Jallow-Badjan H, Tunkara-Bah H, Bass P, Senghore T (2020). Prevalence and factors associated with thinness and overweight/obesity among secondary school adolescents. A cross-sectional study. Cent Afr J public health. 6(3): 164–172. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20200603.18.

Kachi Y, Otsuka T, Kawada T (2015). Socio-economic status and overweight: A population-based cross-sectional study of Japanese children and adolescents. J Epidemiol. 25(7). doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20140108.

Lee HJ, Kim SH, Jin MH, Lee JS (2020). Variability in sociodemographic factors and obesity in Korean children: a cross-sectional analysis of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey data (2007–2015). Ann. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.01.006.

Liu M, Cao B, Liu M, Liang X, Wu D, Li W, Su C et al. (2021). High prevalence of obesity but low physical activity in children aged 9–11 years in Beijing. Diabetes Metab. Syndr Obes.: Targets Ther. 14: 3323-3335. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S319583.

Malik SM, Rahmadi FA. Wistiani (2020). Influence of screen time and sleep duration on obesity in early adolescents. Paediatr Indones, 60(3): 154–159. doi: 10.14238/pi60.3.2020.1549.

Murti B (2018). Prinsip dan metode riset epidemiologi (5th ed). Program studi ilmu kesehatan masyarakat, program pasca sarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret.

NSF (2023). National Sleep Foundation Recommends New Sleep Times. National Sleep Foundation.

Parengkuan RR, Mayulu N, Ponidjan T (2013). The relationship between family income and the incidence of obesity in elementary school children in Manado city. J Keperawatan 1(1). doi: 10.35790/jkp.v1i1.2227.

Patel SR, Hu FR (2008). Short sleep duration and weight gain: a systematic review. Obesity (Silver Spring). 16(3): 643-653. doi: 10.10 38/oby.2007.118.

Su C, Zhang B, Wang YF, Jia XF, Xue H, Wang HJ (2015). Epidemics of overweight and obesity among growing childhood in China between 1997 and 2009: Impact of family income, dietary intake, and physical activity dynamics. Chin Med J. 128(14).

Wang Y, Luo S, Hou Y, Wang K, Zhang Y (2022). Association between overweight, obesity and sleep duration and related lifestyle behaviors is gender and educational stages dependent among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years: a cross-sectional study in Henan. BMC Public Health. 22(1): 1–10.doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14068-x.

Wijayanti SP (2007). The relationship between family income level and maternal nutrition knowledge level with the incidence of childhood obesity in students of SD Islam Terpadu Ihsanul Fikri Magelang school year 2006/2007. Universitas Negeri Semarang.

WHO (2018). Obesity. World Health Organization.

WHO (2021). Obesity and overweight fact sheets. World Health Organization.

Zhang T, Cai L, Jing J, Chen Y, Ma J (2016). The prevalence of obesity and influence of early life and behavioral factors on obesity in Chinese children in Guangzhou. BMC Public Health, 16(1): 1–14. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3599-3.

Downloads

Published
2023-07-16

Issue
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023)

Section
flow-chart-line Articles

How to Cite
Hanifah, H., Dewi, A. M. P. D. P., Yuhanani, A. M., Sastrawijayah, J., Murti, B., & Munawaroh, S. M. (2023). Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Sleep Duration, Exercise, and Family Income on Obesity in Children. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 8(3), 349–361. https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2023.08.03.06

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 > >>