The Association of Epidemiological and Clinical Parameters with Diabetes and Hypertension in a Rural Area: A Mahbubnagar District Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2022.07.03.02Abstract
Background: Rapid development in a country like India has also brought an explosion in the prevalence of non-communicable disease. Affluence to western culture can be one of the reason. This might have encroached the rural India. A cross‑sectional survey was done to assess the socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory factors diabetes and hypertension among the study population.
Subjects dan Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A sample of 244 diabetes and hypertensive patients registered under the subcentre were taken as study subjects. Sociodemographic factor, clinical parameters and Laboratory parameters were taken independent variables. The dependent variables were diabetes and hypertension. Data analysis was done with help of SPSS version 26 software. Standard instruments were used to measure, weight, height, and waist circumference (WC), blood pressure. The random blood sugar, HbA1C and lipid profile values were taken from laboratory reports. The other variables were collected by questionnaire.
Results: A total of 244 participants reported and responded to this study who were having diabetes, hypertension or both. About 35% of the population belonged to lower SEC. Amongst males almost 50% of the male had dual co-morbidity i.e Diabetes and Hypertension. About 85% of the population was Illiterate (p<0.05). Mean value of HbA1C was high among the diabetic patient who were under treatment (Mean= 7.10; SD=1.20). Lipid profile value were in normal range but higher compared to stats of other selected states.
Conclusion: Study subjects even on treatment were unable to keep the laboratory parameters under control hence requiring indepth research.
Keywords: Diabetes, hypertension, risk factors, Mahbubnagar District.
Correspondence:
Munnaji Vyankatesh Mavatkar. Assistant Professor Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College Mahbubnagar. Department of Community Medicine Government Medical College Mahbubnagar Yedira 509001. Email: Kiranmavatkar0647@gmail.com. Mobile phone: 08999712782.
References
American Diabetic Association (2022). Diabetes and High Blood Pressure. Retrieved fromhttps://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/high-blood-pressure. Accessed December 4th 2021.
Babu GR, Murthy GVS, Ana Y, Patel P, Deepa R, Neelon SEB, Kinra S, et al. (2018). Association of obesity with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: A meta-analysis of observational studies. World J Diabetes. 9(1): 40-52. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v9.i1.40.
Joshi SR, Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Bhansali A, Dhandania VK, Joshi PP (2014). ICMR-INDIAB Collaborative Study Group. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in urban and rural India: the ICMR-INDIAB study. PLoS One. 9;9(5): e96808. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096808.
Kinra S, Bowen LJ, Lyngdoh T, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Ramakrishnan L, Gupta R, et al. (2010). Sociodemographic patterning of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural India: a cross sectional study. BMJ. 341:c4974. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c4974.
Krishnaswamy S, Veerasekar G, Kuppusamy S, Sundaresan M, Velmurugan G, Palaniswami NG (2017). Non-communicable disease in rural India: Are we seriously underestimating the risk? The Nallampatti noncommunicable disease study. Indian J Endocr Metab. 21(1):90-5. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.196001.
Kumar M, Parthasarathy A(2019). Non-Communicable Diseases, Mental Health and Addiction: The case of India.
Lind YS, Lind L, Salihovic S, Bavel BV, Lind PM (2013). Persistent organic pollutants and abnormal geometry of the left ventricle in theelderly. J Hyper-tens. 31(8):1547–53. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32836221b3.
Luhar S, Kondal D, Jones R, Anjana RM, Patel SA, Kinra S, Clarke L, et al. (2021). Lifetime risk of diabetes in metropolitan cities in India. Diabetologia. 64(3): 521–529. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05330-1.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (2018). Global Adult Tobacco Survey: India 2016-17 Report. Retrieved from: https://ntcp.nhp.gov.in/assets/document/surveys-reports-publications/Global-Adult-Tobacco-Survey-Second-Round-India-2016-2017. Accessed December 27th 2021.
Patel SA, Ali MK, Alam D, Yan LL, Levitt NS, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Checkley W, et.al.(2016). Obesity and its relation with diabetes and hypertension: a cross-sectional study across four low- and middle-income country regions. Glob Heart. 11(1): 71–79. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.01.003.
Perianayagam A (2018). India’s escalating burden of non-communicable diseases. Lancet. Elsevier. 6: 1262-1263. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30448-0.
Sharma SK, Vishwakarma D, Puri P (2020).Gender disparities in the burden of non-communicable diseases in India: Evidence from the cross-sectional study. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health. 8: 544–549. doi: 10.1016/j.cegh.2019.11.011.
Sjöberg Lind Y, Lind L, Salihovic S, van Bavel B, Lind PM (2013). Persistent organic pollutants and abnormal geometry of the left ventricle in theelderly. J Hypertens. 31(8):1547–53. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32836221b3.
Thakur JS, Jeet G, Pal A, Singh S, Singh A, Deepti SS, Lal M, Gupta S, et al. (2016). Profile of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Punjab, Northern India: Results of a State-Wide STEPS Survey. PLoS One. 11(7):e0157705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157705.
Unnikrishnan R, Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Joshi SR, Bhansali A, Dhandania VK, et al. (2014). ICMR–INDIAB Collaborative Study Group. Glycemic control among individuals with self-reported diabetes in India-the ICMR-INDIAB Study. Diabetes Technol Ther. 16(9):596-603. doi: 10.1089/dia.2014.0018.
WHO (2021). Noncommunicable diseases in the South-East Asia.Retrieved from https://www.who.int/southeastasia/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases. Accessed November 21st,2021.
WHO (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 82. 2020. Retrieved from: 20200311-sitrep-51-COVID-19.pdf (who.int).
Zhao J, Yang Y, Huang H, Li D, Gu D, Lu X, et al. (2020). Relationship between the ABO blood group and the COVID-19 susceptibility. Infect Dis Soc of Amer. 73 (2): 328-331. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.11.20031096.
Zietz M, Zucker J, Tatonetti NP (2020). Associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection, intubation, and death. Nat Commun. 11: 5761. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19623-x.
Downloads
Published
2022-07-16
Issue
Vol. 7 No. 3 (2022)
Section
Articles
1.jpg)
