Effect of Socio-demographic Factors on the Consistency of Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Tulungagung District, East Java
Abstract
Background: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) is common among female sex workers (FSW). STI can be cured by correct diagnosis and prompt treatment. Correct treatment depends on the specific causal infection agent, as well as host and environmental factors. This study aimed to examine the effect of socio-demographic factors on the consistency of condom use among female sex workers in Tulungagung district, East Java.
Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study using cohort design. It was conducted at Ngujang and Gunung Bolo prostitution areas, Tulungagung, East Java, from November to December 2017. A total sample of 90 female sex workers was selected for this study. The dependent variable was consistency of condom use. The independent variables were age, marital status, education, urban-rural residence, exposure to information from health personnel. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and diary. The data were analyzed by chi square and logistic regression model.
Results: Bivariate analysis with chi square test showed that female sex workers working at Ngujang prostitution area (OR= 11.7; 95% CI=11.7-95.9; p= <0.001), widow (OR= 1.28; 95% CI= 1.12-1.45; p=0.012), education level lower than senior high school (OR= 1.30; 95% CI= 1.13-1.49; p= 0.005), were more likely to use condom consistently than those working at Gunung Bolo, married/ single, education level senior high school or higher, respectively. Female sex workers aged ≥35 years old (OR= 0.77; 95% CI= 0.68-0.89; p= 0.006), rural origin (OR=-0.65; 95% CI= 0.2-2.12; p= 0.474), receiving health information from health personnel (OR= 0.79; 95% CI= 0.70- 0.90; p= 0.017), were less likely to use condom consistently than aged <35 years old, urban origin, not receiving information from health personnel.
Conclusion: Female sex workers working at Ngujang prostitution area, widow, education level less than high school, were more likely to use condom consistently than at Gunung Bolo, married/single, education level senior high school/higher, respectively.
Keywords: sexually transmitted infection, consistent use of condom, socio-demographic factors
Correspondence: Ainun Hanifa. Diploma III Program in Midwifery, Tulungagung University. Email: arfabachtiar13@gmail.com.
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2016), 1(2): 133-139
https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2016.01.02.07
References
Bankole A, Ahmed FH, Neema S, Ouedraogo C, Konyani S (2007). Knowledge of correct condom use and consistency of use among adolescents in four countries in Sub Saharan Africa: African Journal of Reproductive Health, 11 (3).
Budiono I. (2012). Konsistensi Penggunaan Kondom Oleh Wanita Pekerja Seks/ Pelanggannya. Kemas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 7 (2): 97-101
Department Of Health And Human Services. Condoms and STDs: Fact Sheet for Public Health Personnel: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Febiyantin C, Kriswiharsi KS (2011). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan Kejadian infeksi menular seksual (IMS) pada wanita pekerja seksual (WPS) usia 20-24 tahun di Resosialisasi argorejo semarang. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat UDINUS, 1(12).
Fonner FA, Kennedy CE, O’Reilly KR, Sweat MD (2014). Systematic assessment of condom use measurement in evaluation of HIV prevention interventions: need for standardization of measures: AIDS Behav NIH Public Access 18(12).
Graham SM, Raboud J, Jaoko W, Mandaliya K, McClelland RS, Bayoumi AM (2014). Changes in Sexual Risk Behavior in the Mombasa Cohort: 1993–2007: Research Article. PLoS ONE, 9(11).
HandlovskyaI, Bungaya V, Kolarb K (2012). Condom use as situated in a risk context: women’s experiences in the massage parlour industry in Van couver, Canada. Diakses 1 Januari 2017.
Jie W, Xiaolan Z, Ciyong L, Moyer E, Hui W, Lingyao H (2012). A Qualitative Exploration of Barriers to Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in China. Diakses 2 Januari 2017.
Karyati S (2011). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Konsistensi Wanita Penjaja Seks Dalam Pemakaian Kondom Untuk Mencegah Penularan PMS Dan Hiv Di Pati: Thesis FIK UI
Mahaputra B, Lowndes CM, Mohanty SK, Gurav K, Ramesh BM, Moses S, Washington R, Alary M (2013). Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Practices among Female Sex Workers in Karnataka, India: A Literature Review. PLoS ONE 8(4).
Manlove J, Ikramullah E, Humen ET. (2008). Condom Use and Consistency Among Male Adolescents in the United States: A Literature Review. Journal of Adolescent Health 43 (208) 325–333.
Murti B. (2013). Desain Dan Ukuran Sampel Untuk Penelitian Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif Di Bidang Kesehatan. Surakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press
Profil Kesehatan Profinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2012 Tentang Jumlah Kasus Baru HIV, AIDS dan Infeksi Menular Seksual Lainnya Menurut Jenis Kelamin dan Kabupaten/ Kota.
Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Tulungagung Tahun 2010 Tentang Persentase Infeksi Menular Seksual Diobati.
Samra OM (2008). How to Use a Condom: Advocates for Youth. Washington, DC 20036.
Sembiring R, Sembiring F (2012). Pengaruh Predisposing Factor, Enabling Factor Dan Reinforcing Factor Terhadap Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual Pada Wanita Pekerja Seks Komersial Di Lokalisasi Warung Bebek Serdang Bedagai. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia.
Shannon K, Strathdee S A, Shoveller J, Rusch M, Kerr T (2009). Structural Environmental Barriers to Condom Use Negotiation With Clients Among Female Sex Workers: Implications for Prevention Strategies and Policy. Diakses 1 Januari 2017.
Strathdee SA, Lozada R, Martinez G, Vera A, Rusch M, Nguyen L, Pollini RA, Salas FU, Beletsky L, Patterson TL (2011). Social and Structural Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs in the Mexico US Border Region: A Literature Review. PLoS ONE 6(4).
Strathdee SA, Abramovitz D, Lozada R, Martinez G, Rangel MG, Vera A, Staines H, Rodriguez CM, Patterson TL (2013). Reductions in HIV/STI Incidence and Sharing of Injection Equipment among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial: A Literature Review. PLoS ONE 8(6).
World Health Organization. (2008). 10 facts on sexually transmitted infections: Dept. of Reproductive Health and Research. Accessed 7 April 2016
Widyastuti, Utami, Arifianti (2012). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya kejadian IMS di Lokalisasi gang sadar Baturaden Banyumas: Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan, 3 (1).
Yadav D, Ramanathan S, Goswami P, Ramakrishnan L, Saggurti L, Sen S, George B, Paranjape (2013). Role of Community Group Exposure in Reducing Sexually Transmitted Infection Related Risk among Female Sex Workers in India: A Literature Review. PLoS ONE 8(10).
